Skip to content

System Design Overview

The System Design section is where you configure your HVAC systems, balance space airflows, and design duct layouts.

Set up central unit and terminal unit equipment:

  • Central unit capacity and airflow
  • Terminal unit types and sizing
  • Supply air temperatures
  • Control strategies

Balance each space’s airflows:

  • Design supply, return, and exhaust
  • Outdoor air delivered directly to the space
  • Transfer air in and out
  • The resulting differential, with a warning when the space is out of balance

Design the duct distribution system:

  • Register, terminal unit, and central unit placement
  • Duct and riser routing and sizing
  • Fitting loss coefficients — HVAKR places the fittings themselves
  • Critical path and pressure calculations

The typical system design workflow:

  1. Configure - Set central unit and terminal parameters
  2. Balance - Adjust per-space supply, return, exhaust, and transfer airflows
  3. Layout - Route ducts and size components

Each step builds on the previous, so work through them in order.

Before designing ductwork:

  • Verify system loads are accurate
  • Set appropriate supply air temperature
  • Configure outdoor air requirements
  • Select terminal unit types

Run the project Check to validate your design — ask AI Chat to “Check this project,” or run a check job via the REST POST /projects/{id}/jobs endpoint. Check’s design-quality checks include:

  • Airflow balance — central unit and terminal (zone) supply vs. return/exhaust
  • Equipment oversizing — coil capacity flagged when it’s more than 200% of peak load
  • CFM/ton ratio outside the expected 300–500 range
  • Duct heat gain coverage against the ceiling-plenum cooling load
  1. Finalize loads first - Complete building model before system design
  2. Work system by system - Focus on one system at a time
  3. Check air balance - Verify supply equals return plus exhaust
  4. Validate equipment - Confirm selected equipment meets requirements
  5. Document assumptions - Note design decisions for future reference